2019 Thesis WMU Graphic Design's profile

Olivia Bevacqua | Benefits of Doodling

Thesis Statement
Growing up and into adulthood, doodling is seen as a frivolous act. Multiple studies have proven that doodling can be beneficial in many ways including relaxation, focus, and information retention. For these reasons among others, discouraging doodling during development and into adulthood is something that should be addressed. My planner encourages doodling in a classroom setting and gets rid of some of the unease or bias associated with it.
The planner starts out with a page for personal information and an introduction. This introduction briefly outlines the benefits of doodling and gives an overview of how to use the planner.
One of the draws of the planner was that it had the option to be used inconspicuously. My design accented this by disguising the front as a regular planner. However, for in-store promotional purposes I created a removable wrap-around vellum strip that featured some of the marks from inside the planner.
The hope with these divider pages would be that students would use the planner, use this toolbox of visual aesthetics, and then doodle with them outside of the planner as well as inside.
Detail shot of March's divider page.
I wanted to keep it visual with only a small indication of the basic shape on the backside of the divider. This simple form is a more quiet approach of urging the user to start doodling.
The planner uses a rotating four color system.
This is the planner portion of the doodle planner. The monthly color is carried through in small portions.
The planner is spiral bound for a couple of reasons. You can stick a pen in the spine, which is convenient. Additionally, you can choose to use the planner with the full spread laid out or page by page.
Thesis Presentation
Doodling is something that’s really important to me as an artist and a human. I doodled growing up at lot, especially in high school. It’s something that I often do when I’m bored or when I need something to ground myself during lectures.
Audience
My audience shifted throughout the process. Towards the beginning of the project I focused on teachers in K-12 education and changing their minds about doodling. However, as I started the research process, I found that it would be better to focus on students over teachers. This was for a couple of reasons. For one, the K-12 education system and lesson planning were fairly out of my depth. There were things that I frankly didn’t have the background to address. Additionally, as I interviewed educators in K-12 and higher education I found that these days doodling may not be as discouraged in the classroom as I originally thought. Still, that observation would have required a more extensive, widespread study than I had time to dive into.

I chose high school students specifically because this is when traditional lecture settings start and when some students begin getting disenfranchised with drawing and mark making. In addition, I had been a high school student not too long ago so this audience wouldn’t be as hard for me to relate to.
Goals
After this audience shift, I solidified my goals. My primary goal was to promote doodling and mark making as a learning and relaxation tool. My goal with my designed object was to create something that would give high school students the opportunity to doodle without fear of judgement. On a larger, more macro scale, I wanted to promote visual learning and thinking.
Research
My research process started with reading scientific studies and interviewing people in and around the K-12 education field. This is where I learned about the benefits of doodling. My main two takeaways from this were that doodling could help with information retention and relaxation. I had read studies that had shown that more structured mark making could help with retaining audio information. The most common place for this tactic to be used would be lecture settings but it could also be useful while on phone calls or watching videos. The second thing that I kept coming across was doodling being used as a tool for relaxation. Many art therapy studies I read characterized doodling and mark making as meditative.
Screenshots from my google survey.
As part of my research I also put out a google survey that asked people about their thoughts and experiences surrounding doodling. This survey solidified a lot of the things that I had already learned from the interviews and studies. Out of the people I surveyed (who were mostly college students in majors including fine arts, product design, business, and education) a really small amount were completely opposed to doodling in K-12 education. In addition, the top two answers for things that doodling helped them do was relaxation and focus, which again, went along with my research.

As I went further and further down the rabbit hole of research I decided to pull back and get closer to my subject matter and my audience.
Inside a high school science classroom.
I visited a local high school to try and get back into the mindset of a high school student. I observed the classrooms and hallways where they might end up using my planner.

Throughout the research process I took time to doodle. At one point, I listened to different things and doodled in order to see if/how the forms would be impacted. These were the results:
In order from left to right, listening to fleet foxes, nirvana, moth radio hour, and then nothing.
Design Process
It was at this point that I landed on my end product: A doodle planner. Before coming to this decision I had thought about doing a few things including a webpage, and informational packet, a social media campaign, and an infographic. I decided on a planner over these options for a few reasons.

1. The planner could be used in all subjects
2. It would hopefully be used on a daily basis
3. Classmates and teachers would be less likely to pry if it’s a planner, taking some of the pressure off of the student
Planner images I found on Pinterest and Instagram. (see references for credit)
When it came to designing the planner I started by looking at what was out there on Pinterest and the like. I knew I didn’t want too much decoration because I wanted this to be a gender neutral product that would allow the user to let their mark making really shine.

I knew I wanted this planner to act as a structured blank canvas for students to let their mark making shine. This was when I started thinking about grids.
These grids were a little too complicated, they seemed more like coloring pages.
Filled in bullet journals I found on Instagram. (see references for credit)
I was inspired by bullet journals. I liked the underlying structure and sense of freedom they gave the user. Still, I wanted to provide more visuals and information than a blank bullet journal alone could.
These were the grids I ended up landing on. Technically they could be considered one grid because the second two fit into the first one.
Throughout the process of making the planner I made sure to keep doodling. These are some stickers I made during the process to take a little break from designing and get some inspiration for more visual prompts:
Stickers designed on my grids and drawn out and colored by hand.
I also doodled on the grids themselves to get inspiration.
While I didn’t want decoration, I also wanted to create something aesthetically pleasing and easy to use. That’s where the idea of the more illustrative monthly divider pages came from. This is also how I would introduce the visual “prompts” for the month.
An early digital sketch for a monthly divider page.
When I say prompts, they’re not really prompts. They are more like doodle inspiration. Each month has a different kind of form associated with it.
Earlier versions of these divider pages had the concept that the user would complete various shapes and bring their own twist to it. I decided this was too rigid.
An alternate version of the introduction page that included visuals from the monthly divider pages.
One of the last things I did was create my introduction. I ended up going with something completely written to contrast the mostly visual nature present in the rest of the planner. Still, I kept the writing short and simple so that the user might actually slow down and read it before diving in. Even so, reading the introduction isn’t vital to the purpose of my planner.

To reiterate, the planner at its core is a structured blank canvas for students to use. My hope with my design is that there’s just enough interesting visuals to keep them engaged and inspired but not so much that it’s overpowering. The space between these visuals is equally as important. It allows the user a place where they can let their doodles and mark making really shine.
Reflection
This process revealed a lot of things to me. Defining the problem and creating the solution to said problem was very difficult. I was forced to get creative in a way that was different from the way that I had been approaching assignments in the past. If I had more time to develop my thesis I would definitely start by having real high school students test my product and see what they thought about it and if it actually helped them.

As far as my process goes, my biggest regret is not landing on my end product earlier. Even so, thesis is about a way of thinking and researching a topic and I feel that I researched doodling very well. I feel that I was able to take something that has very positively impacted my life and create a designed object that does it justice.
References
Abshear, J. (2019, Jan 29). Personal Interview.
Andrade, J. (2010). What does doodling do? Applied Cognitive Psychology, 24(1), 100-106.
Barry, L. (2015). Syllabus: Notes from an accidental professor. Drawn and Quarterly.
Battles, M. (2004, Autumn). In praise of doodling. The American Scholar, 73, 105-108.
Bizz, Leah. “Another Monday, another mini spread!”* Instagram, the_happy_planner, April 22 2019, https://www.instagram.com/p/BwkOfMSBpfs/.
Bizz, Leah. “So many things going on. My mini has never been this full.”* Instagram, the_happy_planner, April 10 2019, https://www.instagram.com/p/BwGGTcABXXf/.
Bizz, Leah. “Nothing like opening your planner on Wednesday night to see that a bunch of your tasks have been checked off!”* Instagram, the_happy_planner, April 10 2019, https://www.instagram.com/p/Bv0mw1uhWe7/.
Boggs, J., Cohen, J., & Marchand, G. (2017). The Effects of Doodling on Recall
Brown, S. (2014). The doodle revolution: Unlock the power to think differently. New York, NY: Portfolio/Penguin.
Bullet.journals. “year in pixels by @megansstudies! hard to not feature this!!”* Instagram, megansstudies, April 20 2019, https://www.instagram.com/p/BweD9A7lqKi/.
Bullet.journals. “minimalist and stunning by @by.desi”* Instagram, by.desi, April 20 2019, https://www.instagram.com/p/BwOgnA5FbZe/.
Bullet.journals. “Simple, but so pretty. Remember to strike a balance between productivity and creativity, everyone”* Instagram, by.desi, April 20 2019, https://www.instagram.com/p/Bv-DffSFPZ3/.
Burgess, A. (2017, May 9). The Strange and Grotesque Doodles in the Margins of Medieval Books. Retrieved from www.atlasobscura.com.
Burke, Michelle (Sept 14 2016). The Power of Play Retrieved from https://www.huffingtonpost.com/great-work-cultures/the-power-of-play-at-work_b_12011462.html
Campbell, H. (2019, Feb 7). Personal Interview
Charland, B. (2019, Feb 5). Phone Interview.
Cox, S. (2018). Doodle World [Mixed Media]. Exhibited at the Ara Art Center, Seoul 18 July 2018 ­– 9 September 2018.
Degges-White, S., & Colon, B. (2015). Expressive arts interventions for school counselors / Suzanne Degges-White, Bonnie R. Colon, editors. Springer Publishing Company.
Dowd, D. B. (2018). Stick Figures: Drawing as a Human Practice. Missouri: Spartan Holiday Books.
Glaser, M. (2008). Drawing is Thinking. Woodstock, NY & New York, NY: Overlook Press.
Hamoud, B. (2019, Jan 21). Personal Interview.
Herrera, Tim (Jan 6 2019). A Simple Way to Better Remember Things: Draw a Picture Retrieved from https://www.nytimes.com/2019/01/06/smarter-living/memory-tricks-mnemonics.html
Leopold, & Leutner. (2011). Science text comprehension: Drawing, main idea selection, and summarizing as learning strategies. Learning and Instruction, 22(1), 16-26.
Maclagan, D. (2014). Line let loose : Scribbling, doodling and automatic drawing / David Maclagan. Reaktion Books.
Maclay, W., Guttmann, E., & Mayer-Gross, W. (1938). Spontaneous Drawings as an Approach to some Problems of Psychopathology: (Section of Psychiatry). Proceedings of the Royal Society of Medicine, 31(11), 1337-50.
Mason, M., Norton, M., Van Horn, J., Wegner, D., Grafton, S., & Macrae, C. (2007). Wandering minds: The default network and stimulus-independent thought. Science (New York, N.Y.), 315(5810), 393-5.
National Institute of Mental Health & Moore, R. W. (1981). Art Therapy in Mental Health. Rockville, MD: U.S. Department of Health and Human Services.
Peters, S. (2019, Jan 22). Personal Interview.
Rottger, E. & Klante, D. (1964). Creative Drawing: Point and Line. New York, NY: Reinhold Publishing Corporation.
Schott, G. (2011). The art of medicine: Doodling and the default network of the brain. The Lancet, 378(9797), 1133-4.
Starkweather, B. (2019, Jan 30) Email Interview.

Olivia Bevacqua | Benefits of Doodling
Published:

Olivia Bevacqua | Benefits of Doodling

Senior thesis project on the benefits of doodling. Check out more of my work on Instagram @obevacdesign

Published: